Bi 321 (2010) Early Evolution of
Flowering Plants Dr.
Dutton
Angiosperms
Their
Monophyly is
They
probably originated during the Jurassic (> 135 mya)
What
about groups within the Angiosperms?
The
Monocots (i.e., Liliopsida)
The
Dicots (i.e., Magnoliopsida),
however
Understanding
Figures 12-1 & 12-2
Data used
to construct these Figures
Figure
12-1
Figure
12-2
Tricolpate pollen (and derived types)
describes pollen grains with three ____________________,
three compound
____________________ or
three ____________________
Your Text: Vascular
Plant Taxonomy
Provides,
for each FAMILY covered:
Description
Floral
formula
Distribution
and Ecology
Number
of genera and species and major genera
Economic
plants and products
Discussion
MY
RECOMMENDATION: Use your text as a supplementary source of information and USE
THE DIAGRAMS
Resolving
Conflict Between Lecture and Lab
Magnoliidae (sensu Cronquist) equals
Magnoliid complex, some members of Basal Families, and some
members of the Tricolpates (Eudicots)
(sensu your Text)
Magnoliidae - Features
Uniaperturate pollen
Apocarpous
Gynoecium and numerous stamens
in a centripetal sequence (i.e.,
development from the outside toward the inside or from the apex to the base)
Petals are free
Some with vesselless wood, laminar stamens and more than two
cotyledons
Many have volatile oils
Aristolochiaceae ( Magnoliids )
Herbs, shrubs or woody vines
Leaves alternate, simple, often cordate,
estipulate
CA or z 3 rarely 4 C0-0(3) A4-many GI(3-6);
fruits capsules
8-10 genera, 600 species
Mostly tropical, few temperate
Our
Flora: Asarum
Nymphaeaceae (Basal Angiosperms)
Aquatic herbs with long-petioled
floating leaves arising from stout rhizomes and long-peduncled
flowers bearing numerous parts
Leaves alternate, cordate or peltate
CA4-many C08-many A-many GS(3-many);
fruits spongy berries
5 genera, 50 species
Widespread
Many monocotyledonous features; widely cultivated
Our
Flora: Brasenia, Nuphar
Ranunculaceae (Basal Tricoplates )
Herbs with bisexual flowers of numerous spirally arranged
parts
Leaves usually alternate, simple or compound, estipulate
CA3-many C00-many A-many GS3-many; fruits achenes follicles, berries, rarely capsules
Ca 50 genera, 2000 species
Cosmopolitan but mainly temperate and boreal
Many cultivated and some medicinal species although some
very poisonous. Some species of Ranunculus are weedy.
Our
Flora: Aconitum, Actaea,
Anemone, Aquilegia, Caltha,
Cimicifuga, Clematis, Coptis, Delphinium, Isopyrum, Myosurus,
Ranunculus, Thalictrum, Trautvetteria»
Berberidaceae (Basal Tricoplates )
Herbs or shrubs with biseriate
stamens opposite the petals and anthers dehiscing by flaps
Leaves alternate, simple or compound, generally estipulate
CA6-9, usually 3+3 C06-9, usually 3+3 A6(4-18)
GS(2-3); fruits berries
13 genera, 650 species
Mainly north temperate regions.
Note: Poorly defined by Cronquist
Our
Flora: Achlys, Berberis, Vancouveria
Papaveraceae (Basal Tricoplates )
Herbs with milky or colored sap, bisexual flowers with
deciduous sepals and numerous stamens in several whorls
Leaves alternate or basal, simple or compound, estipulate
CA2-4 C04or6(8, 12, 16, or 0)
A-many GS(2-many); fruits capsules
25 genera, 200 species
Mainly north temperate regions
Cultivated and medicinal plants, especially Papaver somniferum (opium)
Our
Flora: Eschscholtzia, Meconella
Fumariaceae (Basal Tricoplates )
Included
in Papaveraceae by Walters et al.
Herbs with watery sap, generally dissected leaves and zygomorphic flowers with deciduous sepals, paired petals
and a compound ovary
Leaves alternate or basal, simple or compound, estipulate
CA2 COz2+2 A6 GS(2); fruits
capsules or nuts
19 genera, 400 species
Mainly north temperate regions
Some cultivated, several
weedy (Corydalis)
Our Flora: Corydalis, Dicentra, Fumaria
Important
Note:
I
will not be providing additional lecture guides until the 9th week
of the term
the characters discussed here are included in
your lab packets
bring your lab packets to lecture!